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Articles are listed in (more or less) chronological order of first
appearance of prototype cars. “PROFILE” articles describe the
prototype and its matching model. Usually, articles on individual
cars that follow “PROFILE,” “Upgrade,” or “Kit-conversion”
listings are individual examples of the same car type with a
photograph of the model and its prototype.

40-FOOT BOX CARS:
(*Note: Articles with a single asterisk are reprinted in the book
FREIGHT CAR MODELS, Vol II, BOX CAR, BOOK 1.)
(**Note: Articles with two asterisks are reprinted in the book
FREIGHT CAR MODELS, Vol I, TECHNIQUES.)

• Upgrade: Adding etched-brass or stainless steel roofwalks to box
cars and reefers, by Robert Schleicher, January 1992.
• Upgrade: Adding separate ladders to box cars, by Ed Hawkins, May
1995.
• Upgrade: simulating separate ladders and grabirons with
“shadow painting.”
• Upgrade: Detailing Athearn underframes for 40-foot box cars and
reefers, by Martin Lofton, May 1991.
• Upgrade: Detailed floors and interiors for HO scale box cars, by
Martin Lofton, **January 1991.
•Renumbering 40-foot Box Cars for More Operating Potential, by Robert Schleicher, May 2006

•Early Era 1890-1900 Sana Fe box cars and stock cars, December 2002.

•New York Central 1920-Era Steel-Sheathed 40-foot Box Cars from Sun Models and Westerfield Kits, by Richard Hendrickson, March 2007
•Pennsylvania RR X23B Box Car from Westerfield or Cannonball kits, by Stan Rydarowicz, May 2007

• PROFILE: Z-braced 40-foot single-sheathed
single-door box cars from Accurail and Sunshine Models HO scale
kits, by Richard Hendrickson, February 1993.
• Kit-Conversion: 11/2-door single-sheathed 40-foot box cars from
Accurail’s HO scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, April 1993.
• Rebuilt 40-foot USRA single-sheathed box cars from Tichy’s HO
scale kits, by Martin Lofton and Richard Hendrickson, April, May,
June 1992 and July 1993.
•NYC USRA single-sheathed box car with kit-assembly tips for Tichy’s kit, by Mont Switzer, June 2002.
•CNJ 40-foot single-sheathed box cars from Tichy and Accurail kits, by V. S. Roseman, February 2003.
•War Emergency and WTB single-sheatahed cars from Sunshine kits, by Ted Culotta, April 2003.
•Mather box car prototypes for Proto 2000 kit, by Richard Hendrickson, August 2003

• PROFILE: USRA 40-foot double-sheathed box cars from Ertl or
Westerfield HO scale kits, Micro-Trains N scale models or
Berkshire Valley O scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, May 1998.

• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad X26C box cars (rebuilt from USRA
single-sheathed X26 cars) from Athearn and Sunshine Models kits,
by Martin Lofton and Thomas Meacham, August 1992.
• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad X29 box cars from Red Caboose,
Sunshine Models, or Walthers HO scale or Fine N scale kits, by
Martin Lofton, September 1993, and by Richard Hendrickson, August
1997.
• PROFILE: X-29 single-door box car clones on the DT&I, W&LE (NKP)
and B&O, from Red Caboose or Westerfield HO scale kits, or Red
Caboose or Fine N scale N scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, June
1998, November and December 2001.
• 1920-1923 AAR box car kit-upgrade from Model Power N scale
models, by Keith Kohlmann, August 1998.
• PROFILE: 1929 Standard Canadian National 40-foot single-sheathed
box cars from Steam Shack’s kit, with ROSTER, by Stafford Swain,
June 1994.
• PROFILE: 40-foot all-steel box cars, from Accurail, Des Plaines and Sylvan kits, by Stafford Swain, October 2000 and January and March 2001.
• Pennsylvania RR class X31 round-roof box cars, with ROSTER, by
Rich Burg, March 1995.
• 1932 AAR box cars in N scale from Model Power reefers kits by
Keith Kohlmann, July 1999.
•CNJ box cars from Red Caboose and Walthers kits, by V. S. Roseman, November 2002
•Pennsylvania RR class X-28 1 1/2-doro box cars from InerMountain kits, by V. S. Roseman, August 2004
•Pennsylvania RR “Patched Side” X29 Box Cars from Red Caboose kits, by Richard Hendrickson, APril 2006

• PROFILE: 1937 AAR 10-foot interior height, ACF-built 40-foot
single-door cars from Red Caboose (ex-IMW) HO scale, Pacific Rail
Shops S scale and InterMountain O scale (with ROSTER), by Ed
Hawkins, Pat Wider and Ray Long, *July 1991, and by Richard
Hendrickson, November 1992.
• PROFILE: 1937 AAR 10-foot interior height, 40-foot double-door
ACF-built cars from Red Caboose HO scale, Pacific Rail Shops S
scale and InterMountain O scale, by Richard Hendrickson, January
1998.
• Upgrade: IMW 1937 AAR HO scale box car kits, by Richard
Hendrickson, July 1994.
• Kit-Conversion: C&O 1937 AAR Rebuilt 40-foot box car with
Hutchins ends and diagonal panel roof, by Scott Pitzer, May 1996.
• PROFILE: 1937 AAR wood-side box cars with 5/4 Dreadnaught ends
from Sunshine or Athearn HO scale kits, by Martin Lofton, February
1994.
• PROFILE: Modified 1937 AAR 40-foot box cars with 5/5 Dreadnaught
ends from InterMountain, Sunshine and Athearn HO scale, Deluxe
Innovations N scale, Pacific Rail Shops S scale and Old Pullman O
scale kits, with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, August, October and
December 1996 and March 1997.
• Pennsylvania Railroad X-37 40-foot single-door, 1937 AAR box car
from Athearn’s HO scale kit, by Curt LaRue, September 1990.
• Pennsylvania Railroad X-37B 40-foot double-door 1937 AAR box car
from Athearn and Front Range parts, by Curt LaRue, November 1992.
•M & St.L 6-foot door car, kit-converted from InterMountain parts, by Lee Freeman, January 2002.

• PROFILE: 1941 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, 40-foot
single-door cars with 5/5 Dreadnaught ends, from InterMountain or
Athearn HO scale, Deluxe Innovations N scale, or Old Pullman O
scale models, by Ed Hawkins, February 1995, and Richard
Hendrickson, March 1997.

• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot single-door cars with Interim Improved 4/4 Dreadnaught
ends, by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and Ray Long, from C&BT Shops HO
scale, Deluxe Innovations or Con-Cor N scale, or Atlas O scale
models, with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and Ray Long,
*September, *October and *November 1989.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot double-door cars with Interim Improved 4/4 Dreadnaught
ends, from C&BT Shops HO scale models, with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins,
Pat Wider and Ray Long, June 1992.
• Upgrade: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot double-door car with interim Improved 4/4 Dreadnaught
ends, from C&BT Shops HO scale kit, by Ed Hawkins, June 1992.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot double-door cars with Interim Improved 3/4 Dreadnaught
ends, from C&BT shops HO scale kits, by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and
Ray Long, *January 1990.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot interior height, ACF-built 40-foot
single-door cars with Interim Improved 4/3 Dreadnaught ends, with
step-by-step how-to article on kit-converting the C&BT Shops HO
scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, *December 1989.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot interior height, ACF-built 40-foot
single-door cars with Interim Improved 4/4 Dreadnaught ends, from
Branchline Trains or C&BT Shops kits, by Ed Hawkins, October and
November 1999 and January 2000.
• Kit-Conversion: Updating the IMW 40-foot box car with cast-resin
Improved 3/4 Dreadnaught ends, by Scott Pitzer.
• Kit-Conversion: Pennsylvania Railroad X29B “Merchandise ServiceÓ
40-foot single-door box cars from Front Range HO scale kits, by
Bob Davis, March 1991.
• Kit-Conversion: Pennsylvania Railroad X29B 40-foot single-door
box cars from C&BT Shops and Sunshine Models kits, by Martin
Lofton, January 1994.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot single-door cars with Improved 3/4 Dreadnaught “Rolling
Pin”-shaped ends, from C&BT Shops HO scale models, by Ed Hawkins,
Pat Wider and Ray Long, *July 1990.
• Pennsylvania Railroad class X-43 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch
interior height, ACF-built 40-foot single-door cars with Improved
3/4 Dreadnaught “Rolling PinÓ-shaped ends, from C&BT Shops HO
scale models, by Bob Davis, September 1991.
• Wabash 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot single-door cars with Improved 4/4 Dreadnaught “Rolling
Pin”-shaped ends, from C&BT Shops HO scale model, by Ed Hawkins,
May 1991.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot single-door cars with “TransitionalÓ rectangular-panel
roofs, and Interim Improved 4/4 Dreadnaught ends, from C&BT Shops
HO scale models, with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and Ray
Long, *February 1990.
• Kit-Conversion: ITC 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height,
ACF-built 40-foot single-door cars with “TransitionalÓ
rectangular-panel roofs, and Interim Improved 4/4 Dreadnaught
ends, from C&BT Shops HO scale model, by Ed Hawkins, February
1991.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot single-door cars with Interim Improved 4/4 “DartnaughtÓ
ends, from C&BT Shops HO scale, Deluxe Innovations or Con-Cor N
scale, or Atlas O scale modelsÑall with modified ends, with
ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and Ray Long, *October 1990.
• Kit-Conversion: Modeling the “DartnaughtÓ ends on C&BT Shops HO
scale kits, by Ed Hawkins, May 1992.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
40-foot single-door cars with Improved 4/3/1 Dreadnaught ends,
from C&BT Shops HO scale, Deluxe Innovations or Con-Cor N scale,
or Atlas O scale models, with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and
Ray Long, *November 1990.
• Kit-Conversion: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height,
ACF-built 40-foot single-door with 1/3/4 tapered-rib Dreadnaught
ends and welded-side box car from Accurail (ex-McKean) HO scale
double-door kits, by Ed Hawkins, April 1994.
• Kit-Conversion: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height,
ACF-built 40-foot single-door box car with 1/3/4 tapered-rib
Dreadnaught ends and riveted-side from Accurail (ex-McKean) HO
scale double-door kits, by Ed Hawkins, April 1994.

•PROFILE: PS-0 40 and 50-foot box cars from Red Caboose & InterMountain kits, by Stan Rydarowicz, March 2001.
• PROFILES: PS-1-40-foot single-door box cars: Color photos of
MNS, LS&L and D&H cars appeared in the *June 1989 issue. Part I of
the series, with a roster of all the cars built by
Pullman-Standard, plus a step-by-step “how-toÓ article on
upgrading the HO scale McKean Models kits (now offered as an
improved kit from Accurail), appeared in the March 1993 issue.
Part II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI and XII appeared in
the May, June, August, October and November 1993, January, June
and November 1994, and June, July and December 1997 issues. An
updated roster, with more information on door styles and details,
appeared in the November 1993 issue. An index of all the photos
(over 130!) that had been published in “The Journal” to that date,
appeared in the June 1994 issue. A comparsion of the HO scale
InterMountain, Accurail (improved McKean), Walthers, Model Power,
Con-Cor and Cannonball make cars (except for the newer
InterMountain model) appeared in the March 1993 issue. An article
on Kadee’s new HO scale appeared in the May 1997 issue.
• Upgrade: McKean (now improved by Accurail) HO scale PS-1 kits
with roofs and underframes, by Ed Hawkins, November 1993.
• Soo 40-foot PS-1 box car from McKean Models HO scale kit, by Dan
Holbrook, December 1990.
• Upgrade: InterMountain HO scale 40-foot PS-1 with backdating
information, by Ed Hawkins, December 1994.
• Soo 40-foot PS-1 box car from McKean Models HO scale kits, by
Dan Holbrook, December 1990.
• Rock Island 40-foot PS-1 single-door box car from Micro-Trains N
scale model, by Robert Ortiz, November 1994.
•Superdetailing InterMountain PS-1 40-foot Box Cars, by Bruce McKeown, Junne 2006

• Kit-Conversion: CN 40-foot box cars from McKean Models (or C&BT
Shops or InterMountain) HO scale kits and CRM cast-resin parts, by
Stafford Swain, December 1992 and May 1993.
• Kit-Conversion: Linde 40-foot box/tank cars from McKean Models
HO scale or Con-Cor N scale kits, by John Ryczkowski, July 1993.
• PROFILE: Santa Fe extended-Height 40-foot box cars from
Westerfield’s HO scale kit, by Richard Hendrickson, May 1995.
• Kit-Conversion: Pennsylvania Railroad class X-29G 40-foot box
car from Details West 50-foot kit, with Athearn doors, by Ed Bley,
February 1991.
• Kit-Conversion: Pennsylvania Railroad class X-54 40-foot
plug-door box car from Details West HO scale 50-foot kit, by Ed
Bley, January 1991.

• Great Northern 12-panel 40-foot single-door box cars from
InterMountain HO sclae kits, by Duane Buck, October 1998.
• PROFILE: 1955-1961 AAR 50-ton single-door box cars from
Branchline Trains and Red Caboose HO scale kits, by Ed Hawkins,
July 1999.
•Milwaukee Road 40-foot roof-hatch box cars from MDC kits, by Stan Rydarowicz, June 2001.
•Texas & Pacific box car from InterMountain kit, by Lee Freeman, September 2001.
•Missouri Pacific 40-foot box car from Branchline’s kit, by Lee Freeman, February 2003.
•Union Pacific B50-24 adn B50-27 cars from Trix models, by Richard Hendrickson, June 2003.
•Milwaukee 40-foot rib-side box cars from Rib Side Models kits, by Richard Hendrickson, December 2004
•B&LE 40-foot “Bicentennial” box car from Red Caboose models, by Stan Rydarowicz, November 2005
•Pennsylvania RR number 606092 40-Foot Box Car from Details West 50-foot kit, by Ed Bley, February 2006

•Milwaukee 40-foot Double-Door Rib Side Box Cars from Rib Side Models kits, by Richard Hendrickson, March 2006
50-FOOT BOX CARS:
(*Note: Articles with a single asterisk are reprinted in the book
FREIGHT CAR MODELS, Vol II, BOX CAR, BOOK I.)
(**Note: Articles with two asterisks are reprinted in the book
FREIGHT CAR MODELS, Vol I Technique.)

• Upgrade: Adding separate ladders to box cars, by Ed Hawkins, May
1995.
• Upgrade: Simulating separate ladders and grabirons with “shadow
painting.”
• Upgrade: Detailed floors and interiors for HO scale box cars, by
Martin Lofton, **January 1991.

• PROFILE: Modeling the 50-foot wood and composite steel box cars
manufactured between 1894 and 1932, with ROSTER, from MDC,
Westerfield HO scale and Cameron scale Models (ex-Berkshire
Valley) O scale kits, by Rich Burg and Richard Hendrickson, *July,
*October, *November 1989, July 1995 and July 1996.
• Upgrade: Adding grabirons, ladders and other details to MDC’s HO
scale 50-foot single-sheathed box cars, by Richard Hendrickson,
July 1996.
• PROFILE: 50-foot single-sheathed double-door box cars from the
late twenties from MDC, Westerfield and Walthers HO scale,
Walthers N scale and Cameron Scale Models (ex-Berkshire Valley) O
scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, July 1995.
• PROFILE: 50-foot single-sheathed single-door box cars from the
late twenties from MDC and Westerfield’s HO scale kits, by John
Nehrich, July 1995.

• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad X-32 and X-33 50-foot double-door
box cars from Bowser HO scale or Fine N scale kits, with ROSTER,
by Rich Burg, February 1996.
• Pennsylvania Railroad X-31B 50-foot round-roof HO scale box car
from Menzies (now made in plastic by Bowser in HO scale and Micro-Trains and
Fine N Scale cast-resin in N scale) kit, by Bob Davis, August
1991.
•Pennsylvania Railroad X-31-B 50-foot round-roof box car from Micro-Trains model, by Keith Kohlmann, January 2001.

• PROFILE: 1941 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, 50-foot
double-door cars with 5/5 Dreadnaught ends, from Proto 2000 or
Athearn HO scale, InterMountain N scale, or Old Pullman O scale
models, by Richard Hendrickson, October 1995 and March 1996.
• PROFILE: 1941 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, 50-foot
double-door cars with one 5/5 Dreadnaught end and end doors, from
Proto 2000 HO scale kits or Micro-Trains N scale models, by
Richard Hendrickson, September 1996.
• PROFILE: 1941 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, 50-foot
single-door cars with 5/5 Dreadnaught ends, from Proto 2000 HO
scale or Old Pullman O scale models, by Richard Hendrickson, April
1998.
• Northern Pacific double-door box car kit-converted from the Details West (article
says Proto 2000) HO scale kit, by Scott Pitzer, March 2000.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR 10-foot 6-inch interior height, ACF-built
50-foot single-door cars with Improved 1/3/4 Dreadnaught ends,
from Branchline Models HO scale, or Pacific Rail Shops S scale
kits (or from 40-foot kit-conversion of C&BT Shops HO scale,
Deluxe Innovations N scale, or Atlas O scale models as
illustrated, step-by-step, in the **March and **April 1990
issues), **August 1989 (B&O cars), **June and **September 1990 and
October 1992.
• PROFILE: 1944 AAR single-door and double-door box cars with
R-3-4 ends from Branchline Trains HO scale kits, with ROSTER, by
Ed Hawkins, November 1999 and January 2000.

• PROFILE: Pullman Standard PS-1 50-foot double-door box cars from
InterMountain’s HO scale and Atlas or Micro-Trains N scale kits,
with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, June and August 1995 and January 1996.
• Pullman Standard PS-1 50-foot single-door box cars from
InterMountain HO scale and Micro-Trains N scale kits, with ROSTER,
by Ed Hawkins, December 1995.

• Pennsylvania Railroad (ex-GAEX) 50-foot single-door “DF” box car
from Details West HO scale kit, by Bob Davis, April 1991.
• PROFILE: 1951-1980 General American (GAEX) 50-foot “DF” single
plug-door and sliding-door box cars from Branchline Models HO
scale, or Pacific Rail Shops S scale kits (or from 40-foot
kit-conversion of C&BT Shops HO scale, Deluxe Innovations N scale,
or Atlas O scale model as illustrated, step-by-step, **March and
**April 1990 issue, **March 1990, with ROSTER, **April, **June,
**September 1990, **April 1991 and **February 1992.

CABOOSES:
• Kit-Conversion: D&RGW (ex-D&SL) wood caboose from MDC’s HO scale
kit, by Darrell Taylor, August 1991.
• Eastern-style steel caboose from Proto 2000 HO scale kits,
Life-Like N scale kits or Weaver O scale kits on the Shawmut,
October 1991.
• Lehigh Valley eastern-style cabooses from Life-Like (or Proto
2000) HO scale kits, by Steve Kley, October 1991.
• Assembling etched-brass caboose kits, step-by-step, by David
Lawler, January 1992.
•Painting imported brass models of NYC wood cabooses, by Mont Switzer, April 2000.
•Upgrading Trix Union Pacific caboses, by Steve Orth, November 2003
•Pennsylvania Railroad N5 caboose from Bowser's kit, by Ed Bley, May 2005
•Nickel Plate Road Caboose from Atlas' model, by Dave Schroedle, july 2007

COVERED HOPPERS:
• Upgrade: adding separate grabirons and steps to plastic hoppers
and covered hoppers, by Bill Wright and Ed Hawkins, December 1991.
• Upgrade: Scale-size covered hopper ends from brass angle, strip
and wire, step-by-step, by Ken Patterson, December 1995.
•Weathering Kadee's PS-2 covered hopper, by Mont Switzer, January 2008

• PROFILE: ACF two-bay covered hoppers from Bowser, Kato or
Eastern Car Works HO scale, Loco-Motives (ex V-line) N scale or
Weaver O scale kits, July 1990 and (by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and
Ray Long, with ROSTERS, April, August, October and December 1991,
by Jim Eager, March and May 1994 and by Richard Hendrickson,
September 1997.
• Upgrade: Eastern Car Works HO scale ACF two-bay covered hopper,
by Ed Hawkins, April 1991.
• Kit-Conversion: Bowser, Kato or Eastern Car Works HO scale ACF
two-bay covered hoppers, by Alan Mende, March 1994.
• Kit-Conversion: ACF two-bay covered hoppers from Con-Cor N scale
four-bay covered hoppers, by Kent Charles, August 1990.
• PROFILE: Pullman Standard PS-2 two-bay covered hoppers from
Atlas or MDC HO scale, Atlas N scale, S Helper Services S scale,
or Weaver O scale kits, by Rich Gher, July 1990 and by Ed Hawkins,
April, June, September and November 1995.
• PROFILE: Pullman Standard PS-2 two-bay covered hoppers, as
Pennsylvania Railroad class H34, from Atlas or MDC HO scale, Atlas
N scale, S Helper Services S scale or Weaver O scale kits, with
H34 ROSTER, by Rich burg, December 1993 and January 1994.
• General American single Airslide covered hoppers from Walthers,
Con-Cor and Eastern Car Works HO scale and Atlas N scale kits,
“Car Spotters Guide No. 5Ó (private owner cars), December 1990 and
October 1992.
• General American single Airslide covered hoppers from Walthers,
Con-Cor and Eastern Car Works HO scale and Atlas N scale kits,
“Car Spotters Guide No. 8Ó (railroad-owned cars), February 1991
and October 1992.
•Pullman Standard PS-2 covered hoppers from Kadee models, by Ed Hawkins, December 2003.
•Pennsylvania RR Class H21D covered hopper kit-conversion from Westerfield kit, by Craig Bosssler, February 2004.
•Burlington class HC1 two-bay covered hopper from Accurail and Sunshine kits, by Rob Manley, June 2006

THREE-BAY COVERED HOPPERS:
(refer to “Modern Freight Cars” index)

FLAT CARS:
(**Note: Articles with two asterisks are reprinted in the book
FREIGHT CAR MODELS, Vol I Techniques).
• Upgrade: Simulated wood decks for plastic-decked flat cars, by
Robert Schleicher, April 1994.

• Bethlehem Steel 75-foot piggyback flat cars from Walthers HO
scale kits, with ROSTER, by Mark Vaughan, April 1990.
• B&O 50-foot Tofcee (Piggyback) Flats & Trailers, prototype
photos and diagrams with Athearn “stand-inÓ kit-conversion,
**October 1989.
• Bulkhead, V-deck pulpwood cars in the upper Midwest, by Dan
Holbrook, October 1989, January and May 1990 and September 1991.
• Commonwealth (GSI) 53-foot flat cars and bulkhead cars from
Walthers HO and N scale and S Helper Services S scale kits, with
ROSTER, “Car Spotters Guide No. 12,Ó by James Eager, December
1992.
• Upgrade and prototypes for Tichy HO scale 40-foot flat cars, by
Richard Hendrickson, June 1993.
• Southern, ATSF, CSXT, C&G, A&WP, RF&P, GM&O, MP, W of A, GA and
ACL bulkhead pulpwood flat cars, by Rhett Coates, September 1993.
• Kit-Conversion: SAL 40 and 50-foot bulkhead V-deck pulpwood cars
from Athearn HO scale kits, by Larry Denton, October 1993.
• Kit-Conversion: V-Deck pulpwood car from Walthers HO or N scale
bulkhead flat car kits, by Robert Schleicher, April 1994.
• Northeastern pulpwood and wood chip cars, by J. Emmons
Lancaster, August 1997.
• PROFILE: USRA-design 42-foot flat cars from Red Caboose HO or O
scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, January 1997.
• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad Class F30A 40-foot flat cars from
Bowser’s HO scale kit, by Richard Hendrickson, April 1999.
• NKP 42-foot piggyback flat cars from Athearn’s underframe, by
Stan Rydarowicz, July 1998.
• PROFILE: AAR 50-foot, 50-ton flat cars in HO scale from Proto
2000 kits, by Richard Hendrickson. June and August 1999.
• N scale CGW flat car from Micro-Trains model with Bantam trench hoe load, by Keith Kohlmann, January 2002.
•N scale flat car loads; wrecked coal gondolas, by Keith Kohlmann, October 2002.
•N scale flat car loads; removable stacked-wood loads, by Keith Kohlmann, October 2002.
•Pennsyvania RR class F30 piggyback flats from Walthers models, by Stan Rydarowicz, September 2004
•PROFILE: Southern Pacific Class F-70-6 and F-70-7 flat cars from Red Caboose kits, by Anthony Thompson, January 2005.
•Laser-cut wood decks for Proto 2000 AAR 53-foot flat cars on the Soo, by Bob Rivard. May 2005
•Pennsylvania RR Class F41A Bulkhead Flat from Quality Craft's kit, by Ed Bley, December 2005

GONDOLAS:
• Kit-Conversion: C&O 100-ton gondolas, with prototype photos and
plans, from Athearn three-bay offset-side hoppers, (and how to
cast the sides and ends in resin), by Al Westerfield, December
1989.
• Pennsylvania Railroad class G-31 54-foot gondola from Con-Cor’s
HO scale kit, by Ed Bley, December 1990.
• Kit-Conversion: EJ&E 50-foot gondola from AHM’s HO scale model,
by John Nehrich, October 1994.
• PROFILE: CN 141000-142749 48-foot gondolas from Westerfield’s HO
scale kit, with ROSTER, by Stafford Swain, September 1996.
• PROFILE: Greenville-design 52-foot mill gondolas from Proto 2000
HO scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, November 1996.
• Erie-Lackawanna 52-foot gondola from the Proto 2000 HO scale
kit, by Ed Sanicky, September 1998.
• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad Class Gs 40-foot flat cars from
Bowser’s HO scale kit, by Richard Hendrickson, April 1999.
• PROFILE: USRA 41-foot 6-inch 50-ton composite gondolas from
InterMountain HO and N scale kits and Proto 1000 HO scale kits, by Richard
Hendrickson, February 2000.
• PROFILE: 40-foot General Service (GS) gondolas from Red Caboose
or Detail Associates HO scale kits or Dimi-Trains N scale kits, by
Richard Hendrickson, March 2000.
• PROFILE: 50-foot Pullman-Standard PS-5 gondolas from
Micro-Trains, N scale models, by James Kinkaid, September 1999.
•Box car door loads for 50-foot gondolas, by Stan Rydarowicz, April 2001.
•50-foot War Emergency gondolas from Tichy’s kit, by Richard Hendrickson, May and June 2002.
•46-foot USRA mill gondolas from Westerfield and Walthers kits, by Richard Hendrickson, July 2002.
•43-foot CN&W gondolas from Model Poer (ex-Tyco) models, by Mark Preussler, October 2003
•LS&I 2400-2489 PS-1 box cars from Accurail’s kit, by Mont Switzer, September 2003
•Hart 70-ton Convertible Ballast Cars from Proto 2000 models, by RIchard Hendrickson, January 2004.
•Pennsylvania class G29 gondola from Sunshine Models kit, by Ed Bley, March 2005
•PROFILE: Santa Fe Caswell Drop Bottom Gondolas from InterMountain models, by Richard Hendrickson, December 2006
•Scratchbuilding a Virginian low-side gondola in styrene, by Mike Baker, February 2008

•AAR "Recommended Practices" 65-foot 6-inch Mill Gondolas from Athearn's model, by Richard Hendrickson, February 2006

HOPPERS:
• Upgrade: Adding separate grabirons and steps to plastic hoppers
and covered hoppers, by Bill Wright and Ed Hawkins, December 1991.

• PROFILE: USRA 55-ton twin hoppers from Accurail, Tichy,
Westerfield and Life-Like in HO and InterMountain in O scale, with
ROSTER, by Richard Hendrickson, May 1995.
• C&S (photos and equipment diagram) and Berwind USRA 55-ton twin
hoppers from Accurail, Tichy, Westerfield and Life-Like in HO and
InterMountain in O scale, July 1989.
• Upgrade: Accurail’s HO scale USRA twin hopper, by Richard
Hendrickson, May 1995.
• Pennsylvania Railroad class H-31 two-bay hopper from Athearn’s
HO scale kit, by Ed Bley, July 1991.
• PROFILE: B&O, CNJ, D&H, LV, N&W, RDG, and WM fishbelly two-bay
hoppers from Stewart’s HO scale kit, with ROSTER, by John Nehrich,
February 1992.
• Western Maryland two-bay fishbelly-side hopper from Stewart’s HO
scale kit, by Scott Pitzer, June 1994.
• C&O version of WM two-bay fishbelly hopper from Stewart’s HO
scale kit, April 1993.
• Kit-Conversion: CNJ and Reading fishbelly-side two-bay hoppers
from Stewart’s HO scale kit, by Alan Mende, June 1994.
• Western Maryland channel-side two-bay hoppers from Stewart’s HO
scale kit, with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, May 1997.
• Upgrade: Athearn or Atlas 50-ton offset-side twin hoppers with
B&O and three MP prototypes, with step-by-step instructions, by Ed
Hawkins, March 1998.
• Upgrade: Athearn or Atlas 50-ton offset side twin hoppers, by Ed
Hawkins, March 1998.
•PROFILE: AAR Emergency 50-Ton composite hoppers from Athearn or Proto 2000 kits, Part I, with ROSTER, the wood-side and slope sheeet cars, by Ed Hawkins, December 2000 and April 2001.
•Roger-Hart Selective ballast cars from Hi-Tech and Challenger models, by Richard Hendrickson, August 2001 and March 2002.
•Loads for Challenger Imports brass Monon Hart Selective ballast cars, by Mont Switzer, November 2002.
•Pennsylvania RR class GLa hoppers from Westerfield or Bowser kits, by Richard Burg, February 2002.
•Kit-Conversion: Stewart “fishbelley” cars to Reading composite cars, by V. S. Roseman, April 2002.
•Kit-conversion Lehigh Valley offset-side 34-foot hoppers from Athearn or Atlas kits, by V. S. Roaseman, October 2002
•Kit-Conversion: Wabash rebuilt panel hoppers from Athearn kits, by Stan Rydarowicz, February 2005
•Pennsylvania panel-side two-bay hopper from Resin Parts kit, by Stan Rydarowicz, September 05
•Pennsylvania RR panel-side hoppers from Resin Parts kit, by Stan Rydarowicz, Maarch 2006
•PROFILE: 1935 AAR Standard 50-ton Hoppers from Kadee Models, by Ed Hawkins, July and August 2006

• 40-foot, three-bay rib-side hoppers from Stewart HO scale kits,
with ROSTER, “Car Spotters Guide No. 6,Ó by Jim Eager, January
1991.
• Pennsylvania Railroad (and MILW, PC, CR, WM, DRG, CN, E-L and
P&LE) class H-39 triple hoppers from Stewart’s HO scale kit, “Car
Spotters Guide No. 16,Ó by Jim Eager, April 1993.
• Upgrade: MDC/Roundhouse 40-foot three-bay, rib-side ACF-built
hoppers, from MDC/Roundhouse HO scale kits, by Ed Hawkins,
December 1991 and February 1994.
• PROFILE: 40-foot three-bay, rib-side ACF-built hoppers, from
MDC/Roundhouse HO and N scale kits, by Ed Hawkins, December 1991
and February 1994, with ROSTER, by Ed Hawkins, February 1994.
• AAR 70-ton offset-side triple hoppers from Stewart HO scale and
Con-Cor or MDC N scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, April and
August 1995 and May 1996.
• Upgrade: Stewart’s HO scale AAR 70-ton triple hoppers, by
Richard Hendrickson, August 1995.
• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad H-35 and H-37 three-bay hoppers
from Stewart’s HO scale kits, with ROSTER, by Rich Burg, June
1996.
•PROFILE: Pullman-Standard PS-3 70-Ton 3-bay covered hoppers from Athearn models, by Ed Hawkins, September 2005 and November 2005
•Pennsylvania RR class H43 three-bay hopper from Life-Like's model, by Ed Bley, August 2006
•Pennsylvania class H2A hopper from Eastern Car Works or Broadway Ltd. Models, by Ed Bley, March 2005

• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad H-21 four-bay hoppers from
Bowser’s HO scale kit, by Rich Burg, May 1993.
• PROFILE: Pennsylvania Railroad class H-22A four-bay hoppers from
Bowser’s HO scale kit, with ROSTER, by Rich Burg, May 1994.
•Kit-conversion: Bower Pennsy hopper kits to B & O Class W-1 hoppers, by V. S. Roseman, November 00

ORE CARS:
•CNW 112238 ore car scratchbult in styrene, by Marv Preussler, September 2003

REEFERS:
• Upgrade: Adding etched-brass or stainless steel roofwalks to box
cars and reefers, by Robert Schleicher, January 1992.
• Upgrade: Adding separate ladders to reefers and box cars, by Ed
Hawkins, May 1995.
• Upgrade: Simulating separate ladders and grabirons with “shadow
painting.”
• Upgrade: Detailing Athearn underframes for 40-foot box cars and
reefers, by Martin Lofton, May 1991.

• PROFILE: 36-foot and 40-foot wood reefers from MDC and Red
Caboose HO scale and Micro-Trains N scale kits, by Richard
Hendrickson, February and October 1996 and March and July 1997.
• Kit-conversions: MDT 40-foot reefers from InterMountain HO scale
kits, by Stan Rydarwicz. May 1999.
• 40-foot BREX and “Billboard” reefers from Accurail HO scale kits
and Micro-Trains N scale kits, by Hol Wagner, June 1999.

• PROFILE: Santa Fe Rr-5 through Rr-11 woodside reefers from
Sunshine Models HO scale kits, with ROSTER, by Richard
Hendrickson, January 1992.
• PROFILE: Santa Fe steel-sheated ice bunker reefers from C&BT
Shops (or InterMountain) HO scale kits, with ROSTER, by Richard
Hendrickson, November 1994.
• Upgrade: C&BT Shops HO scale Santa Fe reefers, by Richard
Hendrickson, November 1994.
• Upgrade: InterMountain HO scale Santa Fe reefers, by Richard
Hendrickson, December 1996.

?• PROFILE: Union Refrigerator Transit (40-foot wood reefers from
Westerfield and Tichy HO scale and Micro-Trains N scale kits, by
Al Westerfield, June and August 1989 and July 1992, and from
Branchline Trains HO scale kits, by Ed Hawkins, May 2000.
• PROFILE: Swift wood and steel refrigerator cars from MDC,
Sunshine Models and Tichy HO scale, Micro-Trains N scale and Ye
Olde Huff n Pull O scale kits, by Martin Lofton, February 1993.

• Upgrade: PFE 40-foot R40-23, R40-10, R40-20 and R40-25 steel
reefers from Athearn (or InterMountain) HO scale kits (and
InterMountain N and O scale kits), by Terry Metcalf, September
1993.
• PROFILE: PFE 40-foot R40-23 reefers in HO, N and O scale from
InterMountain, by Richard Hendrickson, October 1994.
• PFE R40-10 and R23 reefers from InterMountain N, HO and O scale
kits: ”Guess The Scale?”, by Richard Hendrickson, March 1995.
• PFE R-40-23 40-foot steel reefers from InterMountain N scale
kits, by Keith Kohlmann, September 1998.
• PROFILE: PFE wood reefers in HO scale from Red Caboose,
Westerfield and Tichy kits, with ROSTER, by Richard Hendrickson,
April 1997.
•PROFILE: PFE R-40-25 and Northern Pacific 40-foot reefers from
InterMountain HO scale kits, by Ed Hawkins, September 2000.
•PFE R-40-10 and ART reefers from InterMountain kits in HO scale, by Ed Hawkins, February 2001.
•PROFILE: WFE and FGE 40-foot wood reefers from InterMountain models, by Bill Welch, Februry 2005

• 40-foot ART steel hinged-door reefers from Walthers, and
InterMountain HO scale kits, July 2000.
•40-foot ART, MDT and PFE combination-door reefers from Walthers and
InterMountain HO scale kits, by Stan Rydarowicz, August 2000.
•40-foot swing-door URTX reefers from Mantua and Red Caboose parts, with roster, by Stan Rydarowicz, September 2001.
•National Car Company R7 Reefer from Westerfield or Cannonball kits, by Stan Rydarowicz, May 2007

•PROFILE: Santa Fe Rr-50 class 50-foot Reefers from Athearn models, by Richard Hendrickson, September 2006

•PROFILE: ART 40-foot steel reefers from InterMountain kits, by Richard Hendrickson, June 2007

STOCK CARS:
• Swift wood stock cars, by Martin Lofton, February 1993.
• Prototypes and modeling tips for the Central Valley HO scale
Northern Pacific stock cars, by Richard Hendrickson, September
1991.
• PROFILE: Mather 40-foot single-deck stock cars from Proto 2000
kits, by Richard Hendrickson, February 1997.
• PROFILE: Mather 40-foot and 50-foot double-deck stock cars from
Proto 2000 HO scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, May 1997.
•CGW 40-foot stock car from Proto 2000 kit, by Clark Probst, May 2001.
•PROFILE: ATSF sk-Q through Sk-U 40-foot stock cars from InerMountain models, by Richard Hendrickson, Sugust 2004
•PROFILE: UP/SP/MP Harriman Standard Stock Cars from Red Caboose models, by Richard Hendrickson, October 2006

TANK CARS:
• Kit-Conversion: Skelgas propane 40-foot tank car from Athearn’s
LPG tank car, by Frank Hodina, July 1989.
• LPG 40-foot tank cars, circa 1952, from Athearn HO scale and
Rivarossi N scale models, from ACF Industries, September 1989.
• Prototypes for the Tichy HO scale small-dome tank car, October
1990 and April 1991.
• Kit-Conversion: Linde 40-foot box/tank cars from McKean Models
HO scale or Con-Cor N scale kits, by John Ryczkowski, July 1993.
• PROFILE: GATC 12,500-gallon and 10,000-gallon tank cars form
kit-converted Athearns kits in HO scale and Micro-Trains N scale
models, by Richard Hendrickson, August 1996.
• PROFILE: GATC 12,500-gallon tank cars from modified Athearn kits
in HO scale, by Richard Hendrickson, August 1996.
• PROFILE: AC&F ICC-103W 10,000-gallon welded tank cars form Red
Caboose HO or O scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, April 1996.
• PROFILE: AC&F Type 27 ICC-103 10,000-gallon riveted tank cars
from InterMountain’s HO scale kit, by Richard Hendrickson, July
1997.
• PROFILE: AC&F Type 27 8,000-gallon riveted tank cars from
InterMountain’s HO scale kit, by Richard Hendrickson, October
1997.
• PROFILE: AC&F Type 21,800-gallon riveted tank cars, models and
prototypes, from Proto 2000 HO scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson,
February 1998.
• PROFILE: AC&F 8,000 gallon Type 21 tank cars from Proto 2000 HO
scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, February 1998.
• PROFILE: AC&F 10,000 gallon Type 21 tank cars from Proto 2000 HO
scale kits, by Richard Hendrickson, January 2000.
•Scratchbuilding a Soo Line pickle tank car, by David Leider, February 2002.
•ICC 105, 11,000 gallon tank cara prototypes for Atlas models, by Richard Hendrickson, July 2003.
•6,000-gallon insulaed high-pressure tank cars from Trix models, September 2004, by Richard Hendrickson
•PROFILE: AC&F 10,000 Gallon Type 21 Insulated Tank Cars from Proto 2000 models, by Richard Hendrickson, November 2005

BRAKE WHEELS:
• Finding a model for specific prototype brake wheels circa
1930-1960, by Ed Hawkins, September 1996.

COUPLERS:
• Scale HO couplers from the “scale sizeÓ Kadee or Accurail
magnetics or Precison Scale manual couplers, by Dave Davis, March
2000.
• Scale HO operating couplers from Sergent Engineering HO scale
kits, by Robert Schleicher, April 2000.

TRUCKS:
• Identifying the HO scale freight trucks, by Richard Hendrickson,
February and April 1990, December 1993 and February 1995.
•Arch Bar and Dalman Trucks from Tahoe Model Works, by Richard Hendrickson, April 07

PAINTING:
(**Articles with two asterisks are reprinted in the book FREIGHT
CAR MODELS, VOL 1 TECHNIQUES.)

• Authentic railroad color chips match to model railroad paints,
Parts I and II: box car red, mixtures and matches with Floquil,
SMP and Scalecoat paints, by Ed Hawkins, Pat Wider and Ray Long,
August 1989 and **June 1990.
• Authentic railroad color chips matched to model railroad paints,
Part III: Baltimore and Ohio box car colors, by Ed Hawkins, Pat
Wider and Ray Long, **August 1989.
• Pennsylvania Railroad “Freight Car RedÓ, by Curt LaRue, Ralph
Gutowski and Brady McGuire of the PRRT&HS, **November 1990.
• Weathering tank cars with an airbrush, by Robert Schleicher, May
1997.
• Dating freight cars with journal repack data markings, by Mont
Switzer, September 1990.
• Dating freight cars with reweigh, station, weight and service
stencils, placards and truck details, by Richard Hendrickson, June
1997.
• “Vintage Dating,” weathering freight cars to match the colors
and patterns of the steam era, by Richard Hendrickson, December
1995.
•Using declas to simulate rivets, by Bob Rivard, December 2000.
•Weathering Kadee HO scale box cars, by Mont Switzer, August 2001.
•Renumbering 40-foot Box Cars for More Operating Potential, by Robert Schleicher, May 2006